The Developmental, Individual Differences, Relationship-Based (DIR/Floortime) Model is a comprehensive framework designed to support the developmental needs of children, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other developmental challenges. Dr. Stanley Greenspan and Dr. Serena Wieder developed it. The model focuses on fostering emotional and intellectual growth through play and relationship-building.

DIR/Floortime Model:

• Developmental: This aspect focuses on understanding where the child is in their developmental journey and working through the various stages of emotional and intellectual growth. The goal is to help the child progress through developmental milestones, such as emotional regulation, problem-solving, and communication.

• Individual Differences: Every child has unique sensory processing abilities, strengths, and challenges. DIR/Floortime takes into account each child’s individual differences in how they process information and engage with the world. For example, a child with sensory sensitivities or motor planning difficulties will have a personalized approach based on their unique needs.

• Relationship-Based: The model emphasizes the importance of relationships in helping children develop. By building a strong, trusting connection between the child and caregiver or therapist, the child feels secure and more willing to engage and explore the world.

Floortime Component:

Floortime is the practical application of the DIR model. It involves the caregiver or therapist joining the child in their chosen activity (often play) and engaging with them on their developmental level. The adult follows the child’s lead but introduces challenges to help them expand their communication, social interaction, and problem-solving skills.

Key goals in Floortime are to:

• Encourage emotional connection.
• Promote logical thinking.
• Support creative play.

How It’s Used:

DIR/Floortime is commonly used in therapeutic and educational settings, especially for children with autism, sensory processing disorder (SPD), and other developmental delays. Parents, educators, and therapists use this approach to help children develop better social, emotional, and cognitive skills by meeting them at their developmental level and working through meaningful interactions.

It’s a flexible, child-centered approach that recognizes the importance of nurturing relationships and adapting to individual differences in each child’s developmental path.