An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a written plan developed for public school students eligible for special education services in the U.S. under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The IEP is designed to meet the unique educational needs of a child with a disability and outlines specific goals and the services that will be provided to support the student’s learning.

Key elements of an IEP include:

• Current Performance Levels: A description of the student’s current academic and functional performance.
• Measurable Goals: Annual goals that address both academic and functional needs. These goals should be specific and measurable.
• Special Education and Related Services: A list of services the student will receive, such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, or one-on-one assistance.
• Accommodations and Modifications: Any changes to the learning environment or curriculum that will help the student succeed, such as extra time on tests or a quiet room for taking exams.
• Participation with Peers: Information on how much time the student will spend in general education classes and with non-disabled peers.
• Transition Plan: For students aged 16 and older, a plan to help them transition from high school to adult life, including postsecondary education, vocational training, or employment.
• Progress Monitoring: How the student’s progress toward meeting the annual goals will be measured and reported to parents.

IEPs are typically reviewed and updated annually, though parents or educators can request changes as needed throughout the year.

In a homeschooling context, while formal IEPs might not be required, understanding IEP structures can help you tailor support to meet your child’s specific needs.