Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder (MRELD) is a communication disorder that affects both understanding (receptive language) and speaking or expressing oneself (expressive language). Children or individuals with this disorder have difficulty comprehending spoken language and struggle with formulating words or sentences to communicate effectively.

In general, mixed receptive-expressive language disorder is caused by a developmental issue. However, it can also be caused by seizures, strokes, or traumatic brain injuries. Roughly 2-4% of children at the age of five will have a mixed receptive-expressive language disorder.

It is important to note that children develop at varying rates and do not all reach the same milestones simultaneously. Delayed speech in a young child does not necessarily mean that they have this disorder.

Key Characteristics:

Receptive Language Issues: Difficulty understanding words, sentences, or conversations. This can include trouble following instructions or understanding questions.

Expressive Language Issues: Difficulty in expressing thoughts, ideas, or emotions through words. They may have a limited vocabulary, struggle with grammar, or form sentences that are difficult for others to understand.

Symptoms:

• Delayed language development compared to peers.
• Difficulty following directions or understanding questions.
• Limited vocabulary or use of simple, incomplete sentences.
• Frequent grammatical errors.
• Trouble recalling words or organizing thoughts into coherent speech.
• Difficulty engaging in conversations.

Diagnosis:

The disorder is typically diagnosed through assessments by speech-language pathologists, who evaluate both receptive and expressive language abilities. These assessments help identify specific areas of difficulty and guide treatment plans.

Treatment:

Treatment often involves speech and language therapy, which focuses on improving receptive and expressive skills. Therapies may include exercises to boost vocabulary, sentence structure, comprehension, and conversation skills. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes.

If your child exhibits some of these signs, consider speaking with a specialist to get a concrete diagnosis. Pediatric speech therapists can help evaluate your child and provide the best treatment.